Dry Tortugas National Park is a pristine jewel nestled in the Gulf of Mexico that will captivate you with its remote beauty and rich history. Accessible only by boat or seaplane, this protected oasis comprises seven small islands, dominated by the expansive Garden Key and its iconic centerpiece, Fort Jefferson. The park beckons adventurers with its crystal-clear waters teeming with vibrant coral reefs and diverse marine life, offering unparalleled opportunities for snorkeling, diving, and exploring underwater wonders. Beyond its natural splendor, Dry Tortugas boasts a sanctuary for birdwatchers, providing refuge for migratory birds amidst its unspoiled habitats. Whether delving into history at the fort, marveling at underwater ecosystems, or simply basking in the serenity of its secluded beaches, Dry Tortugas National Park offers an unforgettable escape into nature’s embrace. This itinerary should give you a good balance of exploration, relaxation, and adventure during your three days at Dry Tortugas National Park. Enjoy your trip!
Fun Facts about Dry Tortugas National Park
- Dry Tortugas National Park was established as a national park in 1992, aiming to protect its unique natural and cultural resources for future generations to enjoy. It covers approximately 100 square miles of land and sea.
- Dry Tortugas National Park is one of the most remote national parks in the United States, situated about 70 miles west of Key West, Florida, in the Gulf of Mexico.
- The park is home to Fort Jefferson, one of the largest coastal forts ever built. Construction of the fort began in 1846 but was never completed. It served as a military prison during the Civil War and is now a major attraction within the park.
- The waters surrounding Dry Tortugas are part of the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary, providing habitat for a diverse variety of marine life, including colorful coral reefs, tropical fish, sea turtles, and various species of sharks.
- Dry Tortugas has played a significant role in American history, serving as a strategic military outpost and maritime navigation point since the 19th century. The area’s history includes Spanish explorers, shipwrecks, and naval battles.
- Loggerhead Key, one of the islands within the park, is home to a historic lighthouse that dates back to 1858. The lighthouse played a crucial role in guiding ships through the treacherous waters of the area.
- The waters surrounding Dry Tortugas are exceptionally clear, offering excellent visibility for snorkeling and diving activities. Visitors can explore vibrant coral reefs, underwater caves, and shipwrecks teeming with marine life.
A Quick Look at Dry Tortugas National Park
- Best time of year to visit. Summer seas tend to be not as rough, but there is an increased chance of hurricanes. Most people visit the park between the months of November and April.
- How to get there. The nearest airport is Key West International Airport (EYW) and the closest major airport is Miami International Airport (MIA). The only way to get to the park is by boat or seaplane. There are ferry and seaplane services that will bring you to Garden Key.
- Yankee Freedom ferry schedule (local time).
- Check in time: 7:00 am (campers 6:00am)
- Departure time: 8:00 am
- Arrive at Fort Jefferson: 10:30 am
- Departure time: 3:00 pm
- Arrive in Key West: 5:30 pm
- How long to stay. One day is enough time if all you are looking to do is visit the fort and do some snorkeling or kayaking but staying two or three days gives you enough time to visit much more of what the park has to offer.
- Places to stay. The only place to stay within the park boundaries is the Garden Key Campground.
Things to Know Before Going to Dry Tortugas National Park
- Cell phone reception is unavailable in the park. Before you head to the park, I highly recommend that you download and have offline copies of any reservation details, directions, or permits.
- Bring food and water. Because the park is so far out at sea, there are no freshwater sources. There are also very limited goods and services available. When visiting, you must provide your own food, water, and all other supplies and be self-sufficient for your entire stay.
- Have offline access to hiking trail maps. I highly recommend that you have downloaded versions of any trail that you plan on hiking. If you do not have access to a fancy GPS, you should download the AllTrails app and upgrade to AllTrails+ for $35.99 a year. This upgrade lets you download topographical, satellite, and other varieties of offline trails, shows you where you are, how far you have gone, and how much longer you must go, as well as your elevation gain, speed, and estimated burned calories. I use it for every non-overnight hike that I do.
- Pack essential items and proper clothing. Some very basic, but essential items that should always be carried while hiking include a navigation system, a flashlight or headlamp, sun protection, a first aid kit, insect repellent, a knife, matches, a lighter, or a fire started, extra food and water beyond the minimum expectation, and extra clothes such as a rain jacket, wind breaker, and warmer layers. Some of these items may feel unnecessary at first glance but it is better to have something and not need it, than to need it and not have it.
- Dry Tortugas National Park charges an entry fee. These fees usually cost $35 and grant you a week of additional access to over 425 sites that are also run by the National Park Service. If you plan on visiting three or more parks within a year, then I recommend you purchase the America the Beautiful annual pass. This pass will make entering parks a bit quicker, much easier, and provides you with access to the same number of parks that the week-long pass does, but for an entire year.
Ultimate 3-Day Itinerary for Dry Tortugas National Park
Day 1: Morning
– Arrive in Key West Early in the Morning to Catch the Yankee Freedom Ferry
To ensure a timely departure to Dry Tortugas National Park, plan to arrive at the Yankee Freedom ferry terminal early. Checking for the Yankee Freedom ferry begins promptly at 6 am for campers, with departure scheduled for 7 am and you cannot miss your ride.
– Upon Arrival to Dry Tortugas National Park, Check in and Set Up Camp
After you get to the park, locate the designated camping area on Garden Key. Choose a suitable spot for your tent and secure your tent stakes firmly into the sandy ground, taking care to avoid disturbing vegetation. Finally, remember to properly store food and dispose of waste in designated areas to minimize environmental impact and ensure a safe and enjoyable camping experience.
– Hike the Fort Jefferson Loop
A good way to start your trip to Dry Tortugas is to hike the Fort Jefferson Loop. Begin at the fort’s entrance and follow the marked trail clockwise. As you walk, marvel at the historic architecture and soak in panoramic views of the surrounding seascape. Take your time to learn about the fort’s fascinating history before completing the loop and returning to the starting point.
Day 1: Afternoon
– Have a Picnic Lunch on the Beach
By now, it should be about time for your first meal during your visit. This is a great opportunity to enjoy a beach picnic. Find a scenic spot along the shoreline with soft sand and clear views of the turquoise waters. After savoring your meal, take some time to relax, bask in the sun, and listen to the soothing sounds of the waves crashing against the shore. Remember to clean up after yourself and dispose of any trash properly to help preserve the park’s natural beauty.
– Explore Inside Fort Jefferson
Now it’s time to see Fort Jefferson from a different perspective. To explore the inside of the fort, enter through the main gates and begin your self-guided tour. Wander through the vast interior and don’t miss the opportunity to climb to the top of the fort’s walls for panoramic views of the surrounding islands and crystal-clear waters.
Day 1: Evening
– Snorkeling
One of the best activities in the park is snorkeling. Head to one of the designated snorkeling areas, such as the Windjammer Wreck or the Little Africa Reef. Once there, enter the water and explore the vibrant underwater world, filled with colorful coral reefs, tropical fish, and other fascinating marine life. Remember to swim cautiously, respecting the fragile ecosystem, and enjoy the awe-inspiring beauty of the underwater paradise.
– Enjoy the Sunset
Watching the sunset is the perfect way to end your day in Dry Tortugas National Park. Find a peaceful spot along the shoreline or atop the fort’s walls with unobstructed views of the horizon. As the sun begins to dip below the water’s edge, soak in the breathtaking colors painting the sky and reflecting off the waters.
– Do Some Stargazing
Before you go to sleep for the night, indulge in some stargazing. Find a secluded spot away from artificial light sources, such as the beach or an open area near your campsite. With minimal light pollution, you’ll have the perfect opportunity to observe countless stars, constellations, and even the Milky Way stretching across the heavens, creating a mesmerizing celestial display.
Day 2: Morning
– Check Out the Historical Interpretation Signs
Start your second day in the park by taking a leisurely stroll along designated trails or paths. Keep an eye out for informative signs positioned strategically at points of interest, such as historical landmarks, ecological zones, and wildlife viewing areas. These signs offer valuable insights into the park’s natural and cultural history, providing a deeper understanding and appreciation of the unique environment and heritage of Dry Tortugas.
– Visit the Lighthouse on Loggerhead Key
Another good morning activity is visiting the lighthouse on Loggerhead Key. Arrange for transportation via private boat or join a guided tour. Once on Loggerhead Key, follow designated paths or signs leading to the lighthouse. Take your time to climb to the top of the lighthouse for breathtaking panoramic views of the surrounding islands and expansive ocean that offer a unique perspective on the beauty of the park.
Day 2: Afternoon
– Take a Guided Tour
A good way to learn more about the park is to join a ranger-guided tour. Check the schedule of guided activities at the visitor center. Once the tour begins, follow the ranger as they lead you through the park, providing insightful commentary and sharing fascinating stories about the park’s history, ecology, and wildlife.
– Go Birdwatching on the Beach
Another fun activity in the park is birdwatching. Head to areas known for bird activity and look for migratory birds resting and nesting in the park’s diverse habitats, including shorelines, mangroves, and coastal dunes.
Day 2: Evening
– More Snorkeling
For a fresh snorkeling experience, venture to different spots like the Coral Gardens or the North Coaling Dock on your second outing. Take in more of the mesmerizing underwater scenery, keeping an eye out for unique marine life and vibrant coral formations, as you create new memories in this pristine marine paradise.
– Visit the Remains of the South Coaling Dock
Next up, visit the lasting remains of the South Coaling Dock. make your way to the southern shoreline of Garden Key and follow designated paths and signs leading to the historic site. Here you can explore the weathered remnants of the dock that once played a crucial role in supplying coal to naval vessels.
Day 3: Morning
– Watch the Sunrise
For your last morning in Dry Tortugas National Park, wake up early and find a serene spot along the shoreline or atop the fort’s walls to watch the sunrise. Witness the sky gradually transform into a canvas of vibrant colors as the sun emerges over the horizon. Take a moment to savor the beauty and tranquility of this magical experience.
– Hike the Bush Key Trail
As your final activity in the park, embark on the Bush Key Trail hike. Follow the well-marked path as it meanders through the island’s lush vegetation. Along the way, soak in the breathtaking views of the surrounding turquoise waters and keep an eye out for wildlife. This hike is a rewarding and memorable conclusion to your adventure in this remote paradise.
Day 3: Afternoon
– Pack up
Before departing Dry Tortugas National Park, ensure you pack up your campsite and belongings thoughtfully. Dismantle your tent and collect any trash or debris. Remember to leave no trace behind, ensuring the area is clean and pristine for future visitors.
– Catch Your Departure Ferry
As your time at Dry Tortugas National Park comes to an end, make your way to the departure area to board the Yankee Freedom ferry back to Key West. The ferry will depart at 3 pm, so please ensure you are on board and ready for departure to enjoy a smooth journey back to Key West.